The Lymphogranuloma Venerium (LGV) ? Rectal test is a diagnostic test used to detect the presence of Lymphogranuloma Venereum (LGV), a sexually transmitted infection caused by certain serovars (L1, L2, L3) of Chlamydia trachomatis, in rectal samples. The test is important because it provides a specific and accurate method for diagnosing LGV, a more invasive and serious form of chlamydia infection. Early and accurate detection through this test ensures appropriate treatment, prevents severe complications, reduces transmission, supports public health surveillance, and provides symptomatic relief. This test is particularly vital for high-risk populations such as men who have sex with men (MSM) and individuals with HIV.